長毛兔因具有發(fā)達(dá)的消化系統(tǒng)，因此形成了獨(dú)特的消化特點(diǎn)。
Long haired rabbits have unique digestive characteristics due to their developed digestive system.
(1)對(duì)粗纖維的消化率較高：
(1) High digestibility of crude fibers:
長毛兔屬單胃草食動(dòng)物，消化道長而復(fù)雜，容積很大，依靠盲腸中的微生物和發(fā)達(dá)的球囊組織，能有效地利用低質(zhì)高纖維飼料。
The long haired rabbit is a single stomach herbivorous animal, with a long and complex digestive tract and a large volume. It relies on the microorganisms in the cecum and developed balloon tissue to effectively utilize low-quality and high fiber feed.
據(jù)試驗(yàn)，在長毛兔日糧中供給適量的粗纖維飼料，對(duì)長毛兔的健康是有益無害的，可刺激腸道蠕動(dòng)，促進(jìn)正常的消化、吸收功能。相反，如果日糧中粗纖維含量過低，則可引起腸道蠕動(dòng)減慢，內(nèi)容物滯留時(shí)間延長，發(fā)酵變質(zhì)，誘發(fā)有害細(xì)菌大量繁殖，引起腸炎、腹瀉，甚死亡。
According to experiments, providing an appropriate amount of coarse fiber feed in the diet of long haired rabbits is beneficial and harmless to their health, can stimulate intestinal peristalsis, and promote normal digestion and absorption functions. On the contrary, if the crude fiber content in the diet is too low, it can cause slow intestinal peristalsis, prolonged retention time of the content, fermentation deterioration, and induce the proliferation of harmful bacteria, leading to enteritis, diarrhea, and even death.
(2)能充分利用粗飼料中的蛋白質(zhì):
(2) Can fully utilize the protein in coarse feed:
據(jù)試驗(yàn)，長毛兔不僅對(duì)青粗飼料中的蛋白質(zhì)有較高的消化率，而且對(duì)低質(zhì)飼料中的蛋白質(zhì)有很強(qiáng)的消化利用能力。
According to experiments, long haired rabbits not only have a high digestibility of protein in green coarse feed, but also have strong digestion and utilization ability for protein in low-quality feed.
(3)能耐受口糧中的高鈣比例：
(3) Can tolerate high calcium content in the diet:
長毛兔對(duì)日糧中的鈣、磷比例要求不像其他畜禽那樣嚴(yán)格。試驗(yàn)表明，長毛兔日糧中的含磷請(qǐng)不宜過高，只有鈣、磷比例為2:1以下時(shí)，才能忍受高水平磷，過量的磷由糞尿排出體外。日糧中含磷量過髙(超過1%時(shí))，還會(huì)降低飼料的適口性，影響長毛兔的采食量。
Long haired rabbits do not have strict requirements for the proportion of calcium and phosphorus in their diet as other livestock and poultry. Experiments have shown that the phosphorus content in the diet of long haired rabbits should not be too high. Only when the ratio of calcium to phosphorus is below 2:1 can high levels of phosphorus be tolerated, and excessive phosphorus is excreted from the body through feces and urine. If the phosphorus content in the diet is too high (exceeding 1%), it will also reduce the palatability of the feed and affect the feed intake of long haired rabbits.
兔毛有一定的生長期，當(dāng)兔毛生長到成熟末期，毛根底部逐漸變細(xì)而脫落，新毛開始生長，這種換毛過程稱為兔毛的脫換，年齡性換毛：年齡性換毛指幼兔而言。
Rabbit hair has a certain growth period. When rabbit hair grows to the end of maturity, the bottom of the hair root gradually becomes thinner and falls off, and new hair begins to grow. This process of hair exchange is called rabbit hair exchange. Age related hair exchange refers to young rabbits.
仔兔初生時(shí)無毛，一般在45日齡開始長出細(xì)毛，到30日齡左右乳毛全部長成。生長發(fā)育正常的幼兔，次年齡性換毛是在30100日齡，第二次年齡性換毛是在130190日齡。在6.57.5月齡以后的換毛規(guī)律與成年兔一樣。
When a rabbit is born, it is hairless and usually begins to grow fine hair at 45 days old. By around 30 days old, all the milk hair has grown. For young rabbits with normal growth and development, the first age related hair change is at 30100 days old, and the second age related hair change is at 130190 days old. The hair changing pattern after 6.57.5 months of age is the same as that of adult rabbits.
季節(jié)性換毛:季節(jié)性換毛指成年兔而言。在正常情況下，成年兔每年春秋兩季各換毛1次。春季換毛在34月份進(jìn)行，由于此時(shí)飼料豐富，代謝旺盛，所以兔毛生長較快，換毛期較短；秋季換毛在89月份進(jìn)行，由于飼料變換，毛囊代謝功能減弱，所以兔毛生長較慢，換毛期較長。
Seasonal hair change: Seasonal hair change refers to adult rabbits. Under normal circumstances, adult rabbits change their fur once a year in spring and autumn. Spring hair exchange takes place in April. Due to the abundant feed and vigorous metabolism at this time, rabbit hair grows faster and the hair exchange period is shorter; Autumn hair exchange takes place in August. Due to changes in feed, the metabolic function of hair follicles is weakened, resulting in slower growth of rabbit hair and a longer hair exchange period.
病理性換毛:長毛兔患病期間或較長時(shí)間內(nèi)營養(yǎng)不足，新陳代謝紊亂，皮膚代謝失調(diào)，往往會(huì)發(fā)生全身性或局部性的脫毛現(xiàn)象，即為病理性換毛。
Pathological hair loss: During the illness or for a long period of time, long haired rabbits suffer from insufficient nutrition, metabolic disorders, and skin metabolic disorders, often leading to systemic or local hair loss, which is called pathological hair loss.
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發(fā)布日期：2023-06-19
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