安哥拉兔是長毛兔的一種
發布日期：2025-10-24
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安哥拉兔 ，長毛兔的一種，源于土耳其的安卡拉（Ankara）省，安卡拉舊時西方稱為安哥拉 ，1930年應土耳其郵政法的要求改稱土耳其語名“安卡拉”。因其毛細長，有點像安哥拉山羊 及安哥拉貓，故名為安哥拉兔。
Angora rabbit, a kind of long haired rabbit, originated from Ankara Province, Türkiye. Ankara was formerly known as Angola in the West, and was renamed "Ankara" in Turkish in 1930 according to the requirements of Türkiye's postal law. Due to its slender fur resembling Angora goats and Angora cats, it is named Angora rabbit.
英國安哥拉兔
English Angora
法國王室在18世紀中期將其作為寵物，因此而該世紀末在歐洲流行。安哥拉兔次出現在美國是在20世紀初，而則在1926年引進。
The French royal family kept it as a pet in the mid-18th century, so it became popular in Europe at the end of that century. The Angora rabbit first appeared in the United States in the early 20th century, while it was introduced to China in 1926.
安哥拉兔主要因其纖長的安哥拉兔毛 而被廣泛飼養，兔毛主要以剪、梳或拔的方法取得。
Angora rabbits are widely raised mainly due to their slender Angora rabbit hair, which is mainly obtained by cutting, combing, or pulling.
安哥拉兔有許多獨立品系，其中四種為美兔育種協會 所認定，它們是：英國安哥拉兔、法國安哥拉兔、緞毛安哥拉兔和巨型安哥拉兔。其他的品種還有德國安哥拉兔、安哥拉兔、瑞士安哥拉兔、芬蘭安哥拉兔、朝鮮安哥拉兔及圣盧西亞安哥拉兔等。
There are many independent strains of Angora rabbits, among which four are recognized by the American Rabbit Breeding Association: the British Angora rabbit, the French Angora rabbit, the Satin Angora rabbit, and the Giant Angora rabbit. Other breeds include German Angora rabbit, Chinese Angora rabbit, Swiss Angora rabbit, Finnish Angora rabbit, Korean Angora rabbit, and Saint Lucia Angora rabbit.
外觀及毛發
Appearance and hair
安哥拉兔主要因其睡眠時絲狀而纖細柔軟的兔毛而被飼養。兔毛直徑僅11微米，較開司米更加纖細柔軟。安哥拉兔具有詼諧的外觀，看起來像一個有臉的毛球。多數性格溫順，但當小心護理。刷毛是預防其毛發褪光及脫毛的必要措施。毛發硬塊 是安哥拉兔的常見問題，一旦出現當迅速處理 。年內三個四月間當剪一次毛。
Angora rabbits are mainly raised for their fine and soft, silky fur during sleep. The diameter of rabbit hair is only 11 microns, which is finer and softer than cashmere. The Angora rabbit has a humorous appearance, resembling a furry ball with a face. Most people have gentle personalities, but they should be taken care of carefully. Brushing is a necessary measure to prevent hair loss and shedding. Hair lumps are a common problem in Angora rabbits, and once they appear, they should be dealt with quickly. Trim your hair once every three to four months of the year.
生物學特性
Biological characteristics
兔類并不像許多其它動物一樣有致敏性。家養的兔子悉心照顧的話，其平均壽命約為7-12年，但野生的兔子壽命則較短。需要對其進行護理。緞毛安哥拉兔的針毛較少，故而其毛發更易纏結。飼養時，當注意防止毛發硬塊產生，毛發堵塞消化道是一個潛在的致死因素。合適的飲食可降低其對毛發硬塊的敏感性 。
Rabbits are not as allergenic as many other animals. If domesticated rabbits are carefully cared for, their average lifespan is about 7-12 years, but wild rabbits have a shorter lifespan. Care is needed for it. The satin Angora rabbit has fewer needle hairs, making its fur more prone to tangling. When feeding, attention should be paid to preventing the formation of hair lumps, as hair blocking the digestive tract is a potential lethal factor. A suitable diet can reduce its sensitivity to hair lumps.
飼養及毛發硬塊問題
Feeding and hair lump issues
如同其它的兔子一樣，安哥拉兔需要以大量的干草飼育。從干草中獲得的纖維可幫助預防其出現毛發硬塊（亦稱為腸嵌塞） 。
Like other rabbits, Angora rabbits require a large amount of hay for breeding. The fiber obtained from hay can help prevent the occurrence of hair lumps (also known as intestinal impaction).
另外強烈安哥拉兔或其他長毛兔種使用含有少13%纖維的丸狀飼料，纖維含量可在飼料袋上的營養成分表中找到 。此外脫水還可能導致糞便嵌塞，可提供大量的水及舐鹽以促進其飲水 。
Additionally, it is strongly recommended that Angora rabbits or other long haired rabbit breeds use pellet feed containing at least 13% fiber, which can be found in the nutrition table on the feed bag. In addition, dehydration may also cause fecal impaction, which can provide a large amount of water and salt to promote drinking water.
因兔子自行梳理時會消化其毛發，故而每90天左右少剪一次毛被認為是防止毛發硬塊出現的必要方法。木瓜（雜貨店賣的木瓜維他命劑）的膳食補充劑可幫助它們在其消化道中使毛發硬塊崩潰。
Cutting hair at least once every 90 days is considered a necessary method to prevent hair clumps from appearing, as rabbits digest their hair when grooming themselves. Dietary supplements of papaya (papaya vitamin supplements sold in grocery stores) can help them break down hair lumps in their digestive tract.
兔子所吞下的毛發不能咳出或嘔出，一旦其消化道充滿吞下的毛發，將導致其緩慢餓死。如果不做處理，毛發硬塊亦會致死。兔籠中預留寬闊的空間，作為兔子活動及每日放置新鮮、馬用干草飼料的空間，這樣可幫助兔毛從其消化系統中并防止毛發硬塊出現，這種方法為許多安哥拉兔飼養者所廣泛使用。
The hair swallowed by rabbits cannot be coughed up or vomited out. Once their digestive tract is filled with swallowed hair, it will cause them to slowly starve to death. If left untreated, hair lumps can also be fatal. Reserve a wide space in the rabbit cage for rabbit activities and daily placement of fresh and horse hay feed, which can help clear rabbit hair from its digestive system and prevent hair lumps from appearing. This method is widely used by many professional Angora rabbit breeders.
還有一種常用的方法，即在飼料中加入新鮮的菠蘿及木瓜，它們所含的鳳梨蛋白酶及木瓜蛋白酶可幫助分解（蛋白酶解）體內的毛發硬塊，并將其排出兔子的消化系統。另外使其毛發松弛的方法還有：放置一個松果給兔子玩耍。兔子會不停地輕啃、扔出松果，松果就會變成一個兔籠中有效的毛發收集器。當松果被啃壞或沾滿毛發時，替換之。
Another commonly used method is to add fresh pineapple and papaya to the feed. The bromelain and papain they contain can help break down (protease hydrolyze) hair lumps in the body and excrete them from the rabbit's digestive system. Another way to make its hair loose is to place a pine cone for the rabbit to play with. The rabbit will constantly nibble and throw pine cones, which will become an effective hair collector in the rabbit cage. When pine cones are chewed or covered in hair, replace them.
品種
variety
美兔育種協會 認定有四種不同品種的安哥拉兔：英國安哥拉兔、法國安哥兔、緞毛安哥拉兔和大型安哥拉兔。德國安哥拉兔亦很普遍，但并未被ARBA所認定，該品種有其自己的協會——IAGARB。
The American Rabbit Breeding Association recognizes four different breeds of Angora rabbits: the British Angora rabbit, the French Angora rabbit, the Satin Angora rabbit, and the Large Angora rabbit. The German Angora rabbit is also very common, but it has not been recognized by ARBA. This breed has its own association - IAGARB.
大型安哥拉兔
Giant Angora
一只雄的大型安哥拉兔
A large male Angora rabbit
大型安哥拉兔，又譯巨型安哥拉兔，原產地美國，約有四公斤重。它的體形為安哥拉品種中的，長2到4英尺，耳朵則長有流蘇，不會換毛。
Large Angora rabbit, also known as giant Angora rabbit, originated in the United States and weighs about four kilograms. Its body shape is the largest among Angolan varieties, measuring 2 to 4 feet in length, with tassels on its ears and no shedding of hair.
法國安哥拉兔
French Angora
法國安哥拉兔，原產法國，身體呈橢圓形。
The Angora rabbit from France, originally from France, has an oval shaped body.
英國安哥拉兔
English Angora
英國安哥拉兔，原產土耳其。安哥拉兔中以它小。
English Angora rabbit, native to Türkiye. It is the smallest among Angora rabbits.
緞毛安哥拉兔
satin angora
緞毛安哥拉兔，原產加拿大。
Satin Angora rabbit, originally from Canada.
活拔兔毛問題
The problem of live rabbit hair removal
2013年11月，香港的亞洲善待動物組織 在網絡上發布了一段3分48秒的影片，稱在的安哥拉兔養殖場中，采用活體拔毛的方法收集兔毛 。而世界市場上90%的安哥拉兔毛均由供應，因此，呼吁人們不要購買含安哥拉兔毛的產品。
In November 2013, the Hong Kong based organization for the treatment of animals in Asia released a 3-minute and 48 second video on the internet, claiming that live rabbit hair was collected by plucking it from Angora rabbit farms in China. 90% of the Angora rabbit hair on the world market is supplied by China, therefore, we call on people not to purchase products containing Angora rabbit hair.
而畜牧業協會兔業分會之后稱，該協會在全國長毛兔的主要養殖區山東、浙江等地調查后發現，活體拔毛“僅是個別養殖農戶較為極端的不當行為，不具代表性” 。
Afterwards, the Rabbit Industry Branch of the China Animal Husbandry Association stated that after investigating the main breeding areas of long haired rabbits in Shandong, Zhejiang and other places across the country, the association found that live plucking of fur "is only an extreme and inappropriate behavior of individual breeding farmers, and is not representative".
但隨后，PETA Asia發言人文雯稱，活拔兔毛是畜牧業協會自身所提倡的做法，并指出“在2012年8月12日的一篇《提高毛用兔產毛量的措施》文章中，該協會指導養殖戶將兔子‘除頭部、尾部及腳的毛外，周身的毛全拔光’。”
However, later on, PETA Asia spokesperson Wen Wen stated that live plucking of rabbit hair is a practice advocated by the China Animal Husbandry Association itself, and pointed out that "in an article titled 'Measures to Increase the Hair Production of Wool Using Rabbits' on August 12, 2012, the association guided farmers to' pluck all the hair on the rabbit's body except for the hair on the head, tail, and feet '
畜牧業協會兔業分會副秘書長頡某則堅稱活拔兔毛已被淘汰，“在我們網站的平臺上，這樣的文章，應該是網站管理員在審核上出現疏漏，其實這種方法早就已經不是主流了。”
Jie, Deputy Secretary General of the Rabbit Industry Branch of the China Animal Husbandry Association, insisted that live rabbit hair removal has been eliminated. "On our website platform, such articles should be due to website administrators' oversight in the review process. In fact, this method is no longer mainstream
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